Among the lithium-ion battery materials, the negative electrode material is an important part, which can have a great influence on the performance of the overall lithium-ion battery. At present, anode materials are mainly divided into two categories, one is carbon materials for commercial applications, such as natural graphite, soft carbon, etc., and the other is non-carbon anode materials that are in the research and development state, but have a promising market prospect. For example, silicon-based materials, alloy materials, tin-gold materials, and the like.



The negative electrode of lithium ion battery is made of negative electrode active material carbon material or non-carbon material, binder and additive to make paste glue, which is evenly spread on both sides of copper foil, dried and rolled. The negative electrode material is the main body of lithium ion battery to store lithium, so that lithium ions are inserted and extracted during the charging and discharging process. When the lithium-ion battery is charged, the lithium atoms in the positive electrode are ionized into lithium ions and electrons, and the lithium ions move to the negative electrode to synthesize lithium atoms with electrons. During discharge, lithium atoms are ionized into lithium ions and electrons from the negative electrode surface within the graphite crystal, and lithium atoms are synthesized at the positive electrode.

●Carbon anode material
This type of material is a well-balanced negative electrode material in terms of energy density, cycle capacity, or cost input, and is also an important material to promote the birth of lithium-ion batteries. Carbon materials can be divided into two categories, namely Graphitized carbon material as well as hard carbon. Among them, the former mainly includes artificial graphite and natural graphite.

●Natural graphite
Natural graphite also has many advantages, such as high crystallinity, more places that can be embedded, and low price, it is an ideal lithium-ion battery material. However, it also has certain disadvantages, such as poor compatibility when reacting with the electrolyte, and many defects on the surface during pulverization, which will have a greater adverse effect on its charging or discharging performance.